1. It is estimated that the global energy demand increases 48% by 2040. Most of this growth is due to the countries that are not listed in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) including China and India.
2. Renewables and nuclear power respectively by an average of 2.6% and 2.3% growth per year through 2040 are the fastest-growing energy sources over this period.
3. Approximately, 30 billion tons of CO2 are emitted to the atmosphere annually due to human activities essentially by fossil fuel and wood burning.
4. The anthropogenic CO2 emission has raised sharply during the last 50 years and because of that, the global temperature has recently increased 0.3–0.6 °C. Therefore, the sea levels have raised 10–20 cm during the last century due to the melting of the glaciers and polar ice caps.
5. Two main anthropogenic sources of GHG emissions are oil and gas-fired power plants, and road transportation, including road, rail, sea, and air transport.
6. To limit global warming to 1.5 centigrade, the net-zero CO2 emissions target, should be achieved by the year 2050, which requires decarbonization of fossil fuel, and electricity, energy demand reduction, and greater levels of electrification and complementary CO2 removal activities.
7. Shifting from fossil fuel-based energy generation to renewables is still the best way to reduce GHGs and control global warming.
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